Emley Moor transmitting station
History
The current tower is the third structure to have occupied the site. The original 135 meters (443 feet) tower network was erected in 1956 to provide Independent Television broadcasts to the Yorkshire area. He was replaced in 1964 by a highest 385.5 meters (1,265 feet) from the mast ties (identical to the structure still standing in Belmont in Lincolnshire).
Mast collapse
Emley Moor has been used as a transmission from the first days of television transmission. The first permanent transmitter was built there was an ITV station, which covers much of the North. It was a tower of 135 meters lattice, which provide limited coverage. The performance site was improved in 1966, in anticipation of PAL color transmissions, when a tubular mast 385 meters supported type was erected, constructed from curved steel segments to form a 2.75 meters (9 feet) diameter pipe, 275 meters (902 feet) long. This was crowned by a lattice of section 107 meters and a leveling cylinder, bringing the total height of 386 meters (1266 feet). When construction was one of the structures highest position in the world. It was designed by the Convention Center and manufactured by EMI.
The cylindrical steel mast regularly coated turned to ice during the winter months and ice also formed in large icicles on the guy wires, placing them under considerably greater pressure. The guy wires passed over several small roads, and ice melt caused a falling icicle danger. For this reason, the red lights were placed on alert the tower for use in times of falling ice, with warning signs on roads near the intersection of wire type.
On March 19, 1969, a combination of strong winds and the weight of ice that had formed on top of the mast and the cable guy brought the structure down. Duty Engineer wrote in the logbook station, which shows that this failure of the structure was completely unexpected:
Day: Caffell Lee, Vander Byl
danger of ice – ice packs begin to fall from the mast and stays. The roads near the station temporarily closed by the Councils. Please notify councils when the roads are safe (!)
Pye monitor – no frame lock – V10 replaced (low-ins). Monitor overheating due to fan choked with dust cleaning, lubricate the fan motor and blade adjustment.
Night: – Glendenning, Down, Redgrove
1265 feet (386 m) Neck: – He fell through Jagger Lane (corner of Common Lane) at 17:01:45. The police, ITA HQ, RO, etc, all notified.
Power mast insulator – Fuses removed and blocked in the isolator "off" position. All insulators in the basement of mast stump also shut down power. Dehydrators Tx and off.
The remains of the Emley Moor mast, which crashed in March 1969, spread over the fields.
The collapse of the mast sections twisted left scattered throughout the area surrounding the transmitter site and through various roads small local. Although one of the stay cables fall of cutting through a local church and remains were scattered around the transmitter site, No one was injured in the collapse. Noise is heard reports from several kilometers. The complete collapse disabled BBC2 ITV transmitter UHF and VHF transmitter, leaving several million people without service. BBC1 television broadcasts from nearby VHF transmitter then Holme Moss. The ITA owned by a folding emergency mast, 61 meters high, and quickly moved to Emley in the ITA transmitter at Lichfield for some services could be restored. ITV signals were restored to 2.5 million viewers in just four days. The BBC provided a mobile mast in an outside broadcast van, which is used to restore color a restricted service on BBC2 only two days. ITA bought a larger temporary mast a Swedish company. An installation team of Poland, Jozef with Miciak (1925 – 2008) in charge, were hired and a mast of 204 meters was built in less than 28 days at a cost of 100,000. However, the mast can deposit a set of antennas, many spectators in outlying areas still could not receive color programs. The tallest mast became operational on 16 April. Some weeks later, the BBC meters a mast erected '91, improving coverage.
The accumulation of ice was believed to have caused the collapse, but a commission of inquiry which he attributes to a form of swing that occurred in a low but constant wind speed. The changes were made then for similar masts at Belmont Hill and winter including the hanging of 150 tons of steel chains in each structure. None of the modified mast has collapsed.
After a series of temporary masts the erection of the concrete tower built in course began in 1969 with UHF (625 lines of color) that begins broadcasting on January 21, 1971 with over VHF (405-system line of black and white) came into operation on 21 April 1971. Local residents did not want to see another mast on Emley Moor, and so a design output called normal. The new structure consists of a curved pillar, 275 feet high, built of reinforced concrete, topped by a lattice of steel to 55 meters carries the antennas.
Emley Moor Tower seen from the Bretton Country Park, a distance of about four kilometers.
A section of the tower collapsed was converted for use as a race control tower at the nearby sailing club Huddersfield.
The structure
The structure is a conical tower of reinforced concrete. It is the tallest free standing structure in the United Kingdom at a height of 330.4 meters (1,084 feet). Upon reaching the tower room on the top of the concrete tower 275 m (900 ft) is a seven-minute journey by lift. The antenna structure above this is a more than 56 m (184 ft). Its foundations penetrate 6.1 m (20 ft) on earth and the whole structure, including foundations, weighs 11,200 tons. It was designed by Ove Arup & Partners. When built, was the third highest structure independently in Europe, after the Ostankino Tower at 540 meters (1772 feet) and Berlin Fernsehturm (current height 368 meters (1,207 feet)).
The top of the tower is 594 m (1949 ft) above sea level due to the elevated position of the site on the eastern edge of the Pennines.
In 2002, the British Government declared Emley Tower Grade II Listed Building of 'significant architectural or historical interest. "
Property
It is owned by Arqiva, formerly the Independent Authority Broadcasting privatized as NTL Broadcast Engineering.
Broadcast details
The Emley Moor tower broadcasts BBC One, BBC Two, ITV1 Yorkshire, Channel 4, five, six digital television multiplexes, three digital radio sets and two local independent radio stations (Galaxy 105 and Real Radio) over an area of approximately 10,000 km. It the main station of about 57 links and repeaters throughout Yorkshire and surrounding counties. In July 2007, confirmed by Ofcom that Emley Moor transmitter is a group B after DSO (digital system). DSO is due to take place in September 2011.
This area has always been important to RF (radio frequency) and the transmission from the foot structure, both Holme Moss and Emley transmitter Moorside Edge are visible. The last two are only ten miles (16 km) radius and SW and NW, respectively.
The repair and alteration
Over the years, the structure has been updated with several dishes and antennas. This reflects the changing nature of the communications and technology. The most visible changes are on the outside of the tower. At the top and bottom of the tower, other support structures are attached to accommodate dishes and antennas.
The BBC reported in July 2006 for up to two weeks, the tower was responsible for analog and digital signals with an output lower than usual, or to close between 0900 and 1500 GMT Monday to Friday at the end of July until 04 August. This was to allow aircraft warning lights to be installed on the tower and the repairs to be carried out. The repair work is estimated to affect about five million households, however, a spokesman for National Grid Wireless announced that the work had been scheduled around major events.
Viewing tower
The tower is open to the public in general. However, there is an observation area along the road main passing through it.
In popular culture
Poet Simon Armitage wrote a poem about Emley Moor to accompany a short program of the tower on BBC2 in the early 1990.
Channels listed by frequency
The Emley Moor tower
Analogue Radio (FM VHF)
Galaxy 105.1 MHz (2.55KW)
Real 106.2 MHz (2.35KW)
The digital radio (DAB)
Block 11D: 222.064 MHz Digital One (8.5kW)
Block 12A: 223.930 MHz MXR Yorkshire (5KW – L / 2KW – U)
Block 12B: 225.648 BBC MHz (10KW)
Analog TV
UHF 37 (599.25 MHz) Five
41 UHF (631.25 MHz) Channel 4
UHF 44 (655.25 MHz) BBC One
UHF 47 (679.25 MHz) ITV1
UHF 51 (711.25 MHz), BBC Two
Digital TV
40 UHF (626 MHz) Digital Multiplex March 2 and 4
43 UHF (650 MHz) a multiplex SDN
46 UHF (674 MHz) Multiplex B BBC
49 UHF (698 MHz) Multiplex D National Wireless Network
50 UHF (706 MHz) Multiplex C National Wireless Network
52 UHF (722 MHz) Multiplex 1 BBC
Other buildings of comparable height
Emley Moor is 95 meters (312 feet) higher than One Canada Square (Canary Wharf), Great Britain's tallest building, which is 235 meters (771 feet) tall.
The Belmont mast in Lincolnshire, which is a mast with braces is 387.75 meters (1272 feet) high, making it the tallest structure of any kind in the UK and the EU.
Guardamar turret, a VLF-transmission mast of Spanish soldiers near Guardamar is 370 meters high
Gerbrandy Lopik Tower is 366.9 meters in height.
The Eiffel Tower is 300 meters (984 feet) high, with an additional 24 meters (79 feet) from the antenna on top.
The Riga Radio and TV tower is the tallest freestanding structure in the EU, at 368.5 meters (1209 feet)
The Ostankino Tower in Moscow, is the tallest freestanding structure in Europe, 540 meters (1772 feet).
See also
Telecommunications in the United United
Radio masts and towers
Radio masts and towers – catastrophic collapses
List of tallest buildings and structures in Great Britain
List of towers
List of masts
List of radio stations in the United Kingdom
List tallest freestanding structures in the world
The piece of glass (London)
References
^ Senior, Steve. "The fall and rise of Emley Moor Emley Moor lives in MK2!." Http: / / tx.mb21.co.uk/emley/hsc/index.php. Retrieved 06/26/2009.
^ http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/west_yorkshire/5214240.stm
^ Http://www.smithylad.modwest.com/armo/armo_pages/films.htm
Radio Listeners Guide 2010 ^
Radio Listeners Guide 2010 ^
Radio Listeners Guide 2010 ^
Radio Listeners Guide 2010 ^
^ Listeners Guide Radio 2010
Bartak, AJJ (February 1972). "The new tower of the Independent Television Authority at Emley Moor, Yorkshire." Structural Engineer (Institution Structural Engineers) 50 (2): 6780.
References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Emley Moor Tower
mb21 – The Transmission Gallery
Emley Moor TV transmitter, including co-receivable transmitters
Emley Moor in Moores.co.uk photo-gallery
Emley Moor Tower (1970) in Structurae.
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BBC Bradford and West Yorkshire – Emley Moor: Inside and Out!
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Coordinates: 13952 533643 / 53.61194N 1.66444W / 53.61194, -1.66444
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